why is adrenaline given by intramuscular injection

Through its action on beta-adrenergic receptors, epinephrine causes bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and helps alleviate bronchospasm, wheezing and dyspnea that may occur during anaphylaxis. In animal reproduction studies, epinephrine administered by the subcutaneous route to pregnant rabbits, mice, and hamsters, during the period of organogenesis, resulted in adverse developmental effects (including gastroschisis, and embryonic lethality, and delayed skeletal ossification) at doses approximately 2 times the maximum recommended daily intramuscular, subcutaneous, or intravenous dose (see Data). Children weighing less than 30 kgDose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. This medicine comes in 3 forms:an autoinjector syringe and needle kit, a prefilled syringe, or a vial. Be sure to practice first with your autoinjector trainer before an allergy emergency happens to make sure you are ready to use the real Auvi-Q, Adrenaclick, EpiPen, or EpiPen Jr autoinjector in an actual emergency. Do not use this medicine if the liquid has changed its color (pinkish or brown in color), has become cloudy, or if there are particles in it. Do not inject into a vein, the buttocks, fingers, hands or feet. This content does not have an Arabic version. Can delay second stage of labour. A nurse or other trained health professional will give you this medicine in a medical facility to treat hypotension with septic shock. Overdosage may also result in pulmonary edema because of peripheral vascular constriction together with cardiac stimulation. This also may progress on rare occasions to superficial slough. The outer thigh, versus the front of the thigh, is recommended because it provides a skin area with thinner tissue and less fat. How long does a dose of epinephrine last? Epinephrine should be administered . Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.

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